Project Appraisal and Finance: Contents of Course The Investment Problem and Capital Budgeting • Investment Decisions and Owners’ Wealth Maximization • Capital Budgeting • Classifying investment projects • Classification according to their economic life, risk, and dependence on other projects Cash Flow Estimation • Incremental Cash Flows • Investment Cash Flows • Changes in Working Capital • Net Cash Flows Integrative Examples and Cash Flow Estimation in Practice • Integrative Example: The Expansion of the facility • Integrative Example: The Replacement of Facility • Cash Flow Estimation in Practice Payback and Discounted Payback Period Techniques • Payback Period • Decision rules and drawbacks • Discounted Payback Period • Decision rules and benefits • Owner’s wealth maximization Net Present Value Technique • Net Present Value Calculation • Net Present Value Decision Rule • Net Present Value as an Evaluation Technique • The Investment Profile • NPV and Further Considerations Profitability Index Technique • Profitability Index Decision Rule • Profitability Index as an Evaluation Technique Internal Rate of Return Technique • Internal Rate of Return Calculation & Decision Rule • Internal Rate of Return as an Evaluation Technique • Multiple Internal Rates of Return • The IRR and capital rationing Modified Internal Rate of Return Technique • Modified Internal Rate of Return Technique and decision rule • Modified Internal Rate of Return as an Evaluation Technique • The comparative benefits of MIRR Comparing Evaluation Techniques and some Concluding Thoughts • Scale Differences • Choosing the Appropriate Technique • Capital Budgeting Techniques in Practice • Capital Budgeting and the Justification of New Technology Measurement of Project Risk • Measuring a Project’s Stand-Alone Risk • Sensitivity analysis • Simulation analysis • Measuring a Project’s Market Risk • Market risk and financial leverage Incorporating Risk in the Capital Budgeting Decision • Risk-Adjusted Rate and adjusted WACC • Real Options • Certainty Equivalents • Assessment of Project Risk in Practice Valuing a Lease • Direct Cash Flow from Leasing • Valuing the Direct Cash Flow from Leasing • Concept of an Equivalent Loan • Comparison of Alternative Leases • Another Approach to Lease Valuation Uncertainty and the Lease Valuation Model • Alternative Discount Rates and the Uncertainty of Cash Flows • Residual Value and the Lease Term • Debt Displacement and the Lease Valuation Model • Sensitivity Analysis Generalization of the Lease Valuation Model • Assumptions and Notation • Valuing the Lease • Valuation when there are Limitations on carrying Forward Items • Valuation when no Tax Benefits are Expected

3. Business Plan and Report Writing The following are the components that shall be covered in the course to make it a complete and authentic business plan. We will go through in developing each section based on different software so that we know how to work in the business. I. Cover Page II. Table of Contents III. Executive Summary IV. Business Description a. Overview of industry b. Mission statement c. Business description • Type of business • Name • Logo • Location • Product description • Position • Pricing strategy V. Market and Industry Analysis a. Customer profile b. Market segment c. Customer needs d. Market size/trends e. Competition i. Target market and demographics VI. Sales and Marketing a. Strategy b. Method of sales c. Advertising and promotion VII. Management a. Management team description b. Ownership VIII. Financials a. Risks b. Expenses and capital requirements c. Projected Financial statements (Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Cash flow statement) IX. Create an online presence • Website (Basic level coding is required ) o Brand logo o Basic tabs i.e. Home, Contact us, Products, etc. • Facebook page • A sample of the following: o Online AD  Search marketing ad  Facebook ad  Any type of Ad to be placed on a website o Newsletter sample of your business o E-mail marketing sample of your business X. Bibliography/ References XI. PowerPoint Presentation